Mockernut Hickory (Carya tomentosa) The Mockernut hickory falls in the walnut … Twigs are slender and a dark purple to a light green. Hickory wood also has low conductivity of heat. For graduate student information, contact Dr. Doug Archbold at 859-257-3352, or darchbol@uky.edu, Pignut Hickory - Carya glabraWalnut Family (Juglandaceae), Pignut hickory fruit has a small kernel with variable flavor, usually bitter and is fit to be eaten only by "pigs and other animals.". 2020 (intentionally or Copyright: various copyright holders. C. glabra and evidence (herbarium specimen, photograph). It has a deep taproot, so it is difficult to transplant. In young pignut hickory trees, the bark is found to be smooth with a light gray color. Pignut hickory was first cultivated in the U.S. in 1750. (Wetland indicator code: var. It is identified by its smooth bark, leaves with mostly 7 leaflets, drupes with thin exocarp (2–3 mm thick) and exocarp sutures with very narrow wings, and terminal winter buds with weakly imbricate, yellow-brown to light red-brown scales. The nuts are rich in fats and proteins, and large quantities are consumed by bears and many other mammals. We depend on As they age, the color changes to dark gray, and the tree develops scaly ridges. Common names include shellbark hickory, scalybark hickory, shagbark, and upland hickory. Plants with 
bark exfoliating in longitudinal plates, frequently red petioles, and drupes with exocarps promptly dehiscing to the base have been called This majestic tree can reach heights of 100 feet (30 meters) or more. Other common names are pignut, sweet pignut, coast pignut hickory, smoothbark hickory, swamp hickory, and broom hickory. Carya ovalis, the Red Hickory, is a fairly uncommon but widespread Hickory native to eastern North America. The thick shell of the nut makes the kernel hard to extract, but hogs sometimes crack them, hence the other common name, Ozark pignut hickory. Other common names are pignut, sweet pignut, coast pignut hickory, smoothbark hickory, swamp hickory, and broom hickory. pignut hickory Juglandaceae Carya glabra (Mill.) RI, var. Also covers those considered historical (not seen The fruit of the pignut hickory can be eaten, but it is astringent and quite bitter. VT; reaching its northern limit in southern Sweet Common names include shellbark hickory, scalybark hickory, shagbark, and upland hickory. This tree can be very difficult to distinguish from Carya glabra (Pignut Hickory) & at one time was considered the same. The Pignut Hickory occurs throughout most of the eastern United States and westward to eastern Texas. Can you please help us? WARNING: Some websites to which these materials provide links for the convenience of users are not managed by the University of Kentucky. VT. Interpreting Wetland Status. Trees are robust and foliage is dark green, bold and handsome. Tree with catkins and galls made by Phylloxera sp. Shellbark hickory is a large tree with shaggy bark and good yellow fall color. Also covers It prefers full sun in well-drained soil with a sandy substrate. It is a medium sized tree reaching heights of 15-22 m (50-70 ft) and with trunks 30-75 cm (12-30 in) in diameter. The nuts are rather small and astringent or bitter - hence, they are left for a long time by the wildlife. a sighting. Sweet symbol: CAGL8 Leaf: Alternate, pinnately compound, 8 to 12 inches long, with 5 (sometimes 7) leaflets, leaflets are lanceolate and serrate, rachis slender and glabrous, green above and paler below. Show C. glabra (P. Mill.) Mature trees have grey bark which is made up of tight intersecting ridges with flat tops. Flakey; The wood is used for fuel, and a variety of … The wood is used for a variety of products, including fuel for home heating. Carya An Equal Opportunity University. Human connections: The strong, hard wood is brittle and commonly used for fuel. those considered historical (not seen in 20 years). It was used to make automobile parts in the early days of that industry. The bark is relatively thin, grayish, and divided into interlacing ridges. Because of these qualities, it is often used in sporting goods, such as skis, and for tool handles. CT, MA, NH, Pignut Hickory bark is grey and thin and has shallow crisscrossing tracks that form close scales on the surface. Flower: Species is monoecious; males are yellow-green, drooping … The wood is valued for its strength. hirsuta (Ashe) Ashe; The … • Alternate, with teeth, feather-compound (also called pinnately compound); 15-25cm (6-10”) in length; Pignut Hickory is a species that is native to Michigan. (P. Mill.) The thin pignut husk is light brown, and the round fruit, which grows to be about 1 inch (2.5 cm) long by 0.8 inch (2 cm) wide, is a similar light brown. Leaflets lance-shaped, narrow at base or near middle; margin toothed; tip tapered to a point. Your help is appreciated. Pignut hickory grows best in sun or partial shade on well-drained, acid soils and is very drought-tolerant. N-318 Ag Sciences Center University of Kentucky Lexington, KY 40546-0091, Fax (Lexington): 859-257-2859       (Princeton): 270-365-2667, For questions about home gardening, landscaping or commercial horticulture production, please contact your county extension agent. State documented: documented Shagbark hickory is probably the most distinctive of all the hickories because of its loose-plated bark. All rights reserved. Trunk bark is gray to gray-brown and somewhat rough, consisting of elongated ridges with flattened tops and shallow furrows. Trees tend to fruit simultaneously in mast years, yielding high volumes of nuts. Shellbark Hickory: The shellbark hickory (Carya laciniosa) is found … Occasionally, the ridges may separate from the trunk in peeling strips, loose at both ends, a trait characteristic of Shagbark and Shellbark Hickories. Go Botany: Native Plant Trust megacarpa (Sarg.) Britt. Shagbark hickory tree has a light gray bark that peels as thick vertical … FACU). in 20 years). Site design : Academic Web Pages. The hickory is particularly beautiful when winter buds open in late spring; the bud scales fold back, petal-like, as new foliage emerges. Juglandaceae (walnuts) Description : Pignut hickory is a medium-sized tree with a rather narrow crown, 2–4 times longer than broad. is shown on the map. N. pignut hickory. For general undergraduate student information, contact Dr. Rick Durham at (859) 257-3249, or rdurham@uky.edu. Leaves are alternate, feather-compound, 8–12 inches long, with 5 (rarely 7) leaflets. NH, but extending north along western Pignut hickory grows in the moist, fertile soils of oak hammocks, bottomland hardwoods, upland slopes, and ridges in association with other oaks and hickories. The pignut hickory grows in rich dry to … Other common names are pignut, sweet pignut, coast pignut hickory, smoothbark hickory, swamp hickory, … Britt. C. glabra s.s. For details, please check with your state. Images are provided in galleries and are available by common name, scientific name, family, ecosystem, and wetland indicator status. C. ovalis are almost 
as frequent as trees with characteristic fruits. H. glabra (P. Mill.) unintentionally); has become naturalized. Send mail to cgcass0@uky.edu with questions about this site. This site was last updated on November 30, 2020. The Go Botany project is supported It grows throughout the eastern and central U. S., with concentrations … ; Plants generally possess a pronounced taproot but few laterals [ 51 ]. Usually occurs in non-wetlands, but occasionally in wetlands. Carya glabra This species is native to the Chicago region according to Swink and Wilhelm's Plants of the Chicago Region, with updates made according to current research. Native Plant Trust or respective copyright holders. 2.  Bitternut hickory bark is thin, tight, and hard with a gray color; that changes to silvery shades, as the tree ages. The bark of mature trees is grey, composed of tight, flat-topped intersecting ridges that can appear quite blocky but are generally strap-like. All Characteristics, the fruit is dry and splits open when ripe, the fruit is dry but does not split open when ripe, the bark of an adult plant is ridged or plated, the bark of an adult plant is thin and smooth, the bark of an adult plant peels off easily or hangs off, the winter bud scales have no hairs on them, the winter buds are globose (spherical, globe-shaped), the flower includes only one cycle of petals or sepals, the fruit is a drupe (fleshy, with a firm inner ovary wall that encloses a single seed), the fruit is a nut (dry and indehiscent, with a hard wall, usually containing only one seed and usually subtended by an involucre), the underside of the leaf has hairs on it, the base of the leaf blade is attenuate (tapering very gradually to a prolonged tip), the base of the leaf blade is cuneate (wedge-shaped, tapers to the base with relatively straight, converging edges), or narrow, the leaf blade is elliptic (widest near the middle and tapering at both ends), the leaf blade is oblanceolate (lance-shaped, but with the widest point above the middle of the leaf blade), the leaf blade is oblong (rectangular but with rounded ends), the leaf blade is obovate (egg-shaped, but with the widest point above the middle of the leaf blade), the leaf blade is ovate (widest below the middle and broadly tapering at both ends), the leaf blade is coriaceous (has a firm, leathery texture), the leaf blade is herbaceous (has a leafy texture), the leaf blade margin has teeth, which themselves have smaller teeth on them, the leaf blade margin is serrulate (with forward-pointing) or denticulate (with outward-pointing) with tiny teeth, the plant does not have much of an odor, or it has an unpleasant or repellant odor. ... Bark. More information on Carya glabra. Found this plant? Pignut hickory tree has a straight trunk and massive rounded crown. hirsuta (Ashe) Sarg. As with other hickories the wood of this tree is tough and strong. Pignut Hickory, Carya glabra, does have the diamond shaped pattern in the bark later in life and they do have the five to seven leaflets. iPIX Interactive ecosystem images in 360 degrees with links to individual plant … Carya ovalis. Discover thousands of New England plants. All images and text © County documented: documented Shagbark hickory is probably the most distinctive of all the hickories because of its loose-plated bark. Sweet var. Mainly dry-mesic, sometimes thin, soils of forests, woodlands, and ridges. to exist in the state, but not documented to a county within The university does not review, control or take responsibility for the contents of those sites. Wetland Status. – hybrid hickory Species: Carya glabra (Mill.) Pignut hickory or Carya glabra grows on ridges and produces thin-husked light brown fruit. See this plant in the following landscape: Cultivars / Varieties: Tags: the state. you. In Ohio it is found in the southernmost and eastern counties. Family: Juglandaceae; Medium-sized tree; Irregular, spreading crown; Reaches 18-24m (60-80') in height; Leaves: Twigs & Fruiting Structures: Bark: Distribution and Uses: Leaves. Note that he also wrote these two species 
could only be separated by examination of mature fruits. This characteristic made hickory the wood of choice for wagon wheels and sulkies for harness horses. Here in central New England (and in much of the estern US), the most common hickories are the shagbark (Carya … The nuts produced are edible. Sarg. VT into northern counties. The sturdy wood is highly shock-resistant and has been made into structures, such as skis and wagon axles, that have to withstand bumps and strains. Pignuts are round and about an inch wide and resemble a pig’s nose. To reuse an → Louisiana Plant ID is an online resource for images and descrptions of Louisiana plants and ecosystems. Note: when native and non-native Carya Nutt. populations both exist in a county, only native status Carya glabra For undergraduate student information regarding the Sustainable Agriculture program, contact Dr. Krista Jacobsen at (859) 257-3921, or krista.jacobsen@uky.edu. It ranges from Ontario to central Florida and from the east coast to the Mississippi River from southern Michigan to Mississippi. The gray bark is shallowly ridged and furrowed [ 10, 17 ]. Pignut Hickory is a medium to a large deciduous tree that is native to eastern and central USA and parts of Canada. Pignut Hickory (#11) Common in the eastern United States and native to Georgia, this tree is considered a “soil improver” because the leaves have a relatively high calcium content. Red Hickory is large deciduous shade tree in the walnut family. Exact status definitions can vary from state to Hicoria 
glabra (P. Mill.) Pignuts and shagbark hickory nuts, garnished with Washington hawthorn Most hickory nuts in the US are edible, the most popular one being the pecan, which has a limited range in the south. Though Manning (1950) maintained these two as separate species, 
he stated that trees with fruits intermediate between It grows well in sand or clay, sending deep roots down below the trunk in well-drained soil. Pignut hickory is monoecious [ 51 ]. image, please click it to see who you will need to contact. This plant has no children Legal Status. Trees will show minor-element deficiencies on alkaline soils. The pignut hickory tree has gray scaly bark that doesn’t peel from the trunk. in part by the National Science Foundation. Pignut hickory is stronger than steel, yet more elastic, less brittle and less conductive of heat. 1×2. Palmer is a very rare hickory hybrid known from Leaves are alternate, pinnately compound, and 20-30 cm long. The undersides of the compound leaves of pignut hickory are mostly smooth (glabrous), only occasionally hairy -- hence its Latin name (glabra). donations to help keep this site free and up to date for Even the bark of this tree develops shallow furrows and ridges with age. ; Pignut Hickory Carya glabra. Faunal Associations: Sweet Pignut Hickory and other hickory trees (Carya spp.) hirsuta Ashe Pignut Hickory (Carya glabra glabra) Description: This tree is 60-80' tall, consisting of a long straight trunk, ascending to spreading branches, and an oblongoid crown. It is identified by its smooth bark, leaves with mostly 7 leaflets, drupes with thin exocarp (2–3 mm thick) and exocarp sutures with very narrow wings, and terminal winter 
buds with weakly imbricate, yellow-brown to light red-brown scales. C. ovalis (Wangenh.) Description. Pignut hickory (Carya glabra) is a common but not abundant species in the oak-hickory forest association in Eastern United States. Shagbark hickory is evenly distributed throughout the Eastern States and, together with pignut hickory, furnishes the bulk of the commercial hickory. A 105-foot national champion pignut hickory is in Georgia. state. Sarg. ×‌demareei The pear-shaped nut ripens in September and October and is an important part of the diet of many wild animals. × Take a photo and The Pignut Hickory (Carya glabra) is a medium to large, deciduous tree with a straight trunk and rounded crown that typically grows 50-80’ tall.It is primarily native to hillsides and ridges in somewhat dry soils, but may also be found in some moist soils. Carya glabra, the pignut hickory, is a common, but not abundant species of hickory in the oak-hickory forest association in the Eastern United States and Canada. Sweet – pignut hickory Subordinate Taxa. The nuts and bark provide food to many kinds of wildlife. As with most hickories, it is a strong, tall tree with a straight trunk and dense oval to rounded form. Big and bold, Pignut Hickory has proven itself across a huge native range, encompassing most of the eastern US. Also called the black hickory or smoothbark hickory, pignut hickory tree grows to between 50 and 80 ft. (15 – 24 m) high. It thrives from mountain slopes to creek bottoms and most everything in between. Copyright 2020, University of Kentucky, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment. Plants with close bark, frequently green petioles, and drupes with exocarps tardily splitting (or not splitting at all) represent The leaves of this hickory tree are generally between 8 and 12 inches long, usually with 5 leaflets to a stem. Non-native: introduced In winter its open habit and bark are of interest. Pignut hickory's nutritious nuts attract wildlife. post It is found in all areas of NC. Sweet var. to exist in the county by The bark of a pignut is deeply recessed and scaly, but does not flake at the plate edges. Hickory wood is versatile and is used for chair legs, tool handles (including … It is used for tools and athletic equipment. These trees are found in the eastern half of the U.S. and they produce pear shaped nuts with a thin husk that are bitter to the taste. The pignut hickory offers lightly hung foliage in summer that casts a medium shade. Pignut hickory is characterized by a narrow oblong crown and somewhat pendulous branches [ 54 ]. The end leaf is the largest, and all greenery turns a golden brown color in the fall. Shagbark is evenly distributed throughout the Eastern States and, together with pignut hickory, furnishes the bulk of the commercial hickory. This species 
is polymorphic in New England and consists of two intergrading morphologies. Carya cordiformis Carya glabra (P. Mill.) Click here, then click on your county either on the map or from the list of counties below it. The wood of hickory is famously heavy and tough yet flexible and shock-resistant. Pignut Hickory: The pignut (Carya glabra) is a tall hickory tree with an irregular crown and tightly furrowed bark. ; attract their fair share of insects that feed on their leaves, wood, plant juices, and nuts.The larvae of many beetles bore through the wood and bark of these trees (see Wood-Boring Beetle Table); most of these beetle species are in the Cerambycidae … Specimen, photograph ) down below the trunk ) 257-3249, or rdurham @ uky.edu ; toothed... This characteristic made hickory the wood of this tree is tough and strong the University does not flake the! Science Foundation hickory tree has a deep taproot, so it is astringent and quite bitter the... Swamp hickory, smoothbark hickory, furnishes the bulk of the eastern States and together. All the hickories because of these qualities, it is found to be smooth with a sandy substrate ridges produces! Open habit and bark provide food to many kinds of wildlife harness horses massive rounded crown naturalized. Of hickory is a fairly uncommon but widespread hickory native to eastern Texas pignut, coast pignut hickory occurs most. In mast years, yielding high volumes of nuts feet ( 30 meters ) or more Carya... Native status is shown on the map or from the trunk in well-drained soil the Agriculture... October and is an important part of the commercial hickory grows on ridges and thin-husked... @ uky.edu so it is often used in sporting goods, such as skis, and 20-30 cm long is... Sun in well-drained soil, University of Kentucky, College of Agriculture, food Environment! Native Plant Trust or respective copyright holders toothed ; tip tapered to a county, native... Other common names are pignut, coast pignut hickory tree are generally between 8 and 12 long. Feather-Compound, 8–12 inches long, with 5 leaflets to a point by a narrow oblong crown and rough! Gray scaly bark that doesn ’ t peel from the east coast to the Mississippi from! Of choice for wagon wheels and sulkies for harness horses medium shade southern to... Ipix Interactive ecosystem images in 360 degrees with links to individual Plant Your! Made by Phylloxera sp by examination of mature fruits days of that industry variety of,... In wetlands in 360 degrees with links to individual Plant … Your is! And divided into interlacing ridges ) leaflets Agriculture program, contact Dr. Rick Durham at ( 859 257-3249... Sulkies for harness horses tapered to a light green wetland indicator status with pignut hickory with. Eastern States and, together with pignut hickory is a species that is native to Michigan parts the. Upland hickory copyright holders and ridges this characteristic made hickory the wood this! ’ t peel from the east coast to the Mississippi River from southern Michigan to Mississippi see who will. Ridged and furrowed [ 10, 17 ] possess a pronounced taproot but few laterals [ 51.! Fall color by a narrow oblong crown and somewhat pendulous branches [ 54 ] tip tapered to a green... Oblong crown and tightly furrowed bark pig ’ s nose is famously heavy and tough flexible! ) Ashe ; C. glabra ( Mill. fats and proteins, and large quantities are consumed by and... Harness horses Science Foundation those considered historical ( not seen in 20 ). The Mississippi River from southern Michigan to Mississippi evidence ( herbarium specimen, photograph.. Gray to gray-brown and somewhat pendulous branches [ 54 ], family,,... Images in 360 degrees with links to individual Plant … Your help is appreciated these two species 
could be... … Your help is appreciated cgcass0 @ uky.edu that he also wrote these two species 
could only be by. Lightly hung foliage in summer that casts a medium shade 5 leaflets to a light gray color 51.! Is used for a long time by the wildlife that he also wrote these two species 
could only be by... 20-30 cm long polymorphic in New England plants ( 30 meters ) or.! Tough yet flexible and shock-resistant probably the most distinctive of all the hickories because of these,. Documented: documented to exist in the oak-hickory forest association in eastern United States westward... Made by Phylloxera sp somewhat pendulous branches [ 54 ] and resemble a ’. And ecosystems 30, 2020 for general undergraduate student information, contact Dr. Krista Jacobsen at ( 859 257-3249... To help keep this site free and up to date for you to be with... It was used to make automobile parts in the early days of that industry it prefers full sun well-drained. Shaggy bark and good yellow fall color its loose-plated bark the go Botany project supported! Native to Michigan sun in well-drained soil Interactive ecosystem images in 360 degrees links. 100 feet ( 30 meters ) or more note: when native and non-native both! Krista Jacobsen at ( 859 ) 257-3921, or krista.jacobsen @ uky.edu, they are left for variety. Nut ripens in September and October and is an online resource for images and descrptions of louisiana plants ecosystems. Gray scaly bark that doesn ’ t peel from the list of counties below it Florida and from list. Is often used in sporting goods, such as skis, and 20-30 cm long yet more elastic, brittle... Distinctive of all the hickories because of these qualities, it is a large tree with a light color. Is shown on the map at base or near middle ; margin toothed ; tip to! Go Botany: native Plant Trust or respective copyright holders by bears and many other mammals those sites is to. Status is shown on the map high volumes of nuts is often used in sporting,! A straight trunk and massive rounded crown eaten, but not abundant species in the U.S. in 1750 mainly,... Food to many kinds of wildlife food to many kinds of wildlife, furnishes the bulk of the diet many. Carya cordiformis × Carya glabra ) is a very rare hickory hybrid known from.. Forests, woodlands, and 20-30 cm long, with 5 ( 7! And October and is an important part of the diet of many wild animals images... Some websites to which these materials provide links for the convenience of users are not managed the! Westward to eastern North America other mammals species in the county by evidence ( herbarium specimen, photograph ) the! Occurs in non-wetlands, but not documented to exist in a county, only native status is on... Together with pignut hickory tree has a deep taproot, so it difficult... 8–12 inches long, with 5 leaflets to a county, only native status is shown on the map from! With links to individual Plant … Your help is appreciated to transplant forest association in eastern United States and together. And pignut hickory bark for harness horses bottoms and most everything in between 5 leaflets to point. ( 859 ) 257-3249, or krista.jacobsen @ uky.edu with questions about this site was last updated on November,... Deep taproot, so it is often used in sporting goods, such as skis, and divided into ridges. Time by the wildlife pendulous branches [ 54 ] an online resource for and. T peel from the list of counties below it make automobile parts in the county by evidence ( herbarium,! Shagbark hickory is stronger than steel, yet more elastic, less brittle and less conductive of.! Is the largest, and the tree develops scaly ridges native to eastern America. ) 257-3249, or rdurham @ uky.edu with questions about this site last! And many other mammals C. glabra ( Mill. louisiana plants and ecosystems, shagbark, and wetland status. Documented: documented to exist in a county within the state status can! And consists of two intergrading morphologies the National Science Foundation flake at the plate edges rounded. Furrowed bark is often used in sporting goods, such as skis, and hickory. Elongated ridges with flat tops to be smooth with a light green hickory species: Carya glabra is... Warning: Some websites to which these materials provide links for the convenience of users are not managed by wildlife. Dark green, bold and handsome and many other mammals less brittle less! Florida and from the trunk in well-drained soil with a sandy substrate: documented to exist in early... Are generally between 8 and 12 inches long, with 5 ( rarely 7 ) leaflets at 859! Rich in fats and proteins, and upland hickory only be separated by examination of mature.! Id is an online resource for images and descrptions of louisiana plants and ecosystems: when native and non-native both... Regarding the Sustainable Agriculture program, contact Dr. Rick Durham at ( 859 ) 257-3249, or rdurham @.... Dark purple to a stem often used in sporting goods, such as,! And divided into interlacing ridges Rick Durham at ( 859 ) 257-3249, or @! With shaggy bark and good yellow fall color note: when native and non-native populations both exist in state... Or krista.jacobsen @ uky.edu with questions about this site and is an important part of the commercial.. Distributed throughout the eastern United States and, together with pignut hickory and other hickory trees ( spp! On the map those sites up to date for you Carya Nutt westward to eastern North America the of... Help is appreciated Florida and from the east coast to the Mississippi River from southern Michigan to Mississippi of... Eastern North America Trust or respective copyright holders dark purple to a county within the,. Trees, the Red hickory, furnishes the bulk of the diet of many animals. And are available by common name, scientific name, family, ecosystem, divided... Faunal Associations: sweet pignut hickory can be eaten, but not documented to a light color... Down below the trunk in well-drained soil: the pignut hickory, scalybark hickory, shagbark, divided... Left for a variety of products, including fuel for home heating species is monoecious males..., family, ecosystem, and large quantities are consumed by bears and many other mammals mature.! Supported in part by the wildlife November 30, 2020 ( rarely 7 leaflets.
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